Filing an FIR (First Information Report) is one of the most powerful actions you can take if you witness cruelty against animals. An FIR is the official way to make sure the police investigate and cannot ignore the complaint. Without it, most cases die at the “complaint” stage.
This step-by-step guide will walk you through exactly how to file an FIR for animal cruelty in India
Step 1: Gather the Facts
Before you go to the police station, collect as much information as possible:
- Date, time, and exact location of the incident
- Description of the animal(s) involved (species, color, distinguishing marks)
- Details of the cruelty (what happened, how, and by whom)
- Offender’s details (if you know the name, address, or contact info)
- Supporting evidence – photos, videos, medical reports from a vet (if available)
This information will make your complaint stronger and harder to dismiss.
Step 2: Visit the Nearest Police Station
Go to the police station within the jurisdiction where the incident occurred. By law, the police are required to take your complaint. If they refuse, you have the right to escalate.
Draft the Complaint
When submitting your written complaint:
- Be clear and factual — avoid exaggeration.
- Include references to relevant laws:
- Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960
- IPC 428 and 429 for killing/maiming animals
- Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 if applicable
- Attach your evidence.
Step 4: Ensure an FIR is Registered
- Ask for your complaint to be registered as an FIR under Section 154 of the CrPC (Criminal Procedure Code).
- Do not settle for a “General Diary” entry — it does not carry the same legal weight.
- Obtain the FIR number and a copy for your records.
Step 5: Follow Up
When you fill out our report form or call our helpline, include:
- Ask for the Investigating Officer’s details.
- Track the progress of the case — follow-ups matter.
- If the police refuse to file an FIR, escalate to:
- Superintendent of Police (SP)
- Magistrate under Section 156(3) of CrPC
- Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI)
- Or connect with NRCA’s Legal Aid Network for direct support.
Why FIRs Are So Important
- They create a permanent record of cruelty.
- They force the police to take action.
- They help track repeat offenders across states.
- They can be combined with other evidence (medical reports, witness statements) to strengthen prosecution.
Pro Tips from NRCA
- Always carry two copies of your complaint — one for the police, one stamped as received for you.
- Mention specific sections of law — it shows you know your rights.
- Stay calm and assertive. You are exercising a legal duty, not asking for a favor.
Final Thought:
Filing an FIR may seem intimidating, but it’s one of the most impactful ways to fight animal cruelty. Each FIR strengthens India’s database of crimes against animals and helps secure justice.